What is kinyoun stain used for?
Kinyoun, is a procedure used to stain acid-fast species of the bacterial genus Mycobacterium. It is a variation of a method developed by Robert Koch in 1882. Certain species of bacteria have a waxy lipid called mycolic acid, in their cell walls which allow them to be stained with Acid-Fast better than a Gram-Stain.
What is the difference between Ziehl-Neelsen and kinyoun stain?
The fundamental difference between the two carbolfuchsin-based methods is whether heat is used during the primary staining process. The Ziehl-Neelsen method uses heat to infuse the carbolfuchsin into the acid-fast cells, whereas the Kinyoun method does not use heat.
What is the primary stain in Kinyoun method?
Kinyoun staining method uses carbol-fuchsin as a primary stain, followed by decolorization with an acid-alcohol solution and methylene blue as a counterstain. Kinyoun carbol-fuschsin has a greater concentration of phenol and basic fuchsin and does not require heating in order to stain properly.
How is Kinyoun method being performed?
Procedure of Kinyoun-Cold Method Cover the smear with carbolfuchsin for 3 to 5 minutes at room temperature. Gently rinse the slide with water. Run 1% sulfuric acid decolorizer over the slide for approximately 3 minutes. Rinse the slide with water and decolorize again for 1 to 2 minutes until the solution runs clear.
What stains are used in acid-fast?
The primary stain used in acid-fast staining, carbol fuchsin, is lipid-soluble and contains phenol, which helps the stain penetrate the cell wall. This is further assisted by the addition of heat in the form of heat (steam).
What is Ziehl-Neelsen stain used for?
Conventional smear microscopy with the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain is a rapid and practical method for detecting acid-fast bacilli (AFB), especially in low-income countries, due to its rapidity, low cost, and high positive predictive value for tuberculosis (14).
What is the primary stain in the Kinyoun acid fast stain quizlet?
What is the primary stain in acid fast stain? The primary stain in the Ziel-Neelsen method is carbol fuchsin, and basic fuchsin in the Kinyoun method.
What is the primary stain in the Kinyoun acid fast stain How does this differ from the primary stain in the Ziehl-Neelsen method?
The Kinyoun staining procedure is often referred to as cold carbolfuchsin because no heat is applied during the staining process unlike the Ziehl- Neelsen procedure. The primary stain for the Kinyoun procedure is the aniline dye, basic fuchsin, that stains all the cells present red.
Why is the Ziehl-Neelsen method called the hot method while Kinyoun method the cold method?
The Ziehl-Neelsen method of staining is also called the hot method as it involves heating the carbolfuchsin stain. In contrast, the historic method of staining called the Kinyoun method does not involve heating and is hence known as the cold method.
What is the secondary stain in both the Kinyoun and Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast stain methods?
Differential staining – glacial acetic acid used, no heat applied, secondary stain is Loeffler’s methylene blue. Kinyoun modification (or cold Ziehl–Neelsen technique) is also available.
What is Albert stain?
Albert’s staining technique is a type of special staining technique since it is used to demonstrate a special structure in bacteria. It is chiefly used to demonstrate metachromatic granules found in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. This bacterium is responsible for the disease diphtheria.
Is used as wetting agent in acid-fast staining technique modified by Kinyoun?
Primary Stain (0.3% Carbol fuchsin): The Kinyoun method, a modification of the Ziehl-Neelsen method, uses a wetting agent (Tergitol) or a higher concentration of phenol to this stain.
What does an Endospore stain tell you?
Endospore staining is a technique used in bacteriology to identify the presence of endospores in a bacterial sample. Within bacteria, endospores are protective structures used to survive extreme conditions, including high temperatures making them highly resistant to chemicals.
What are the advantages of auramine rhodamine method of staining acid-fast bacteria?
Acid-fast staining and microscopic examination are the easiest, quickest, and least expensive diagnostic procedures. Yield of microscopy is dependent on stain selection because the auramine-rhodamine fluorescent stain is more sensitive than the traditional Kinyoun or Ziehl–Neelsen stains.
What is the mordant used in the K technique?
Salts of chromium, aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and cobalt are commonly used as mordants. Since the mordant affects the electron distribution and density within the dye, the color of the dyed fabric tends to change.
What is ZN stain for AFB?
Page: 1 of 3. ACID-FAST BACTERIA – ZIEHL-NEELSEN STAIN (AFB) PURPOSE: Used in the demonstration of acid-fast bacteria belonging to the genus ‘mycobacterium’, which include the causative agent for tuberculosis.
How do you stain sputum for AFB?
- The tissues are smeared on the slides. …
- Then smear from sputum is fixed by heat or alcohol. …
- Flood the slide with carbol fuchsin stain. …
- Wash slides thoroughly with water.
- Decolorize with acid-alcohol (5 min). …
- Flood slide with methylene blue counterstain for 1 min.
What stain is used for acid-fast bacteria?
Acid-Fast Bacteria—Ziehl– Neelsen Stain This stain is used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. Acid-fast organisms have a lipoid capsule that has a high molecular weight and is waxy at room temperature.
How do you use Ziehl neelsen stain?
- Step 2: Smear Preparation (Review) …
- Cover the smear with carbolfuchsin dye. …
- Dry heat for 2 minutes.
- Cool and rinse with water. …
- Wash the top and bottom of slide with water and clean the slide bottom well.
- Counterstain with Methylene Blue for 30 seconds to 1 minute.
Does AFB positive mean TB?
If your AFB culture was positive, it means you have active TB or another type of AFB infection. The culture can identify which type of infection you have. Once you have been diagnosed, your provider may order a “susceptibility test” on your sample.
What is the secondary stain used in the acid-fast stain?
Principle of Acid Fast Stain The excess stain is removed with treatment by acid alcohol (ethanol and hydrochloric acid). A secondary stain, methylene blue, is then applied to the cells.
What are the stains used in acid-fast staining enumerate and describe?
Principle of Acid-Fast Stain The non-acid fast organism lack the lipoidal material in their cell wall due to which they are easily decolorized, leaving the cells colorless. Then the smear is stained with counterstain, methylene blue.
What is the primary stain used in acid-fast staining quizlet?
Carbolfuchsin is the primary stain. Carbolfuchsin is a lipid-soluble dye that can penetrate the waxy cell walls of acid-fast bacteria.
What is the principle of AFB staining?
The mycobacterial cell wall contains mycolic acids, which are fatty acids that contribute to the characteristic of “acid-fastness.” The principle of the AFB smear is based on the fact that mycolic acid in the cell wall of AFB render them resistant to decolorization with acid alcohol.
How does this differ from the primary stain in the Ziehl-Neelsen method?
How does this differ from the primary stain in the Ziehl-Neelsen method? –the concentrations of the basic fuchsin (substituted for carbolfuchsin), and phenol are increased, making it unnecessary to heat the cells during the staining procedure. What is the secondary stain in both acid-fast stain methods?
What is the Counterstain used in Endospore staining?
After washing, only the endospores will retain the primary stain Malachite green. Safranin is then used as a counterstain for vegetative cells.
Which staining technique is used for Endospore?
The Schaeffer-Fulton method is the most commonly used endospore staining technique, which uses Malachite green as the primary stain. Once the endospore has absorbed the stain, it is resistant to decolorization, but the vegetative cell is easily decolorized with water (leaving the vegetative cells colorless).
What is metachromatic staining?
Definition of metachromatic 1 : staining or characterized by staining in a different color or shade from what is typical metachromatic granules in a bacterium. 2 : having the capacity to stain different elements of a cell or tissue in different colors or shades metachromatic stains.
What are the 3 objectives of the endospore stain?
The main purpose of endospore staining is to differentiate bacterial spores from other vegetative cells and to differentiate spore formers from non-spore formers.
What is the function of endospore?
It allows the bacterium to produce a dormant and highly resistant cell to preserve the cell’s genetic material in times of extreme stress. Endospores can survive environmental assaults that would normally kill the bacterium.
Is endospore stain positive or negative?
Endospore Stain Only a few genera of bacteria produce endospores and nearly all of them are Gram-positive bacilli.
